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The Torah Matzav
Thursday, August 5, 2021
The Mitzvah of ישוב ארץ ישראל
Parshas
Hashavua
Devarim 11:31
מצות ישוב ארץ ישראל
וירשתם אותה וישבתם בה You shall possess it
and settle in it
In Parshas מסעי (Bamidbar 33:53) there is a similar
Pasuk.והורשתם את
הארץ וישבתם בה
רש"י explains
that the Torah tells us is to conquer and rid
the other nations from the land. By doing so we will
have the capability to settle in Eretz Yisroel.
1) According to רש"י,
there is no such Mitzvah of ישוב א"י.
2) The רמב"ן argues
and holds that וישבתם בה is
a מצוות עשה דאורייתא
that is applicable even בזמן
הזה
3) The רמב"ם doesn't
mention the Mitzvah of ישוב א"י.
There are different opinions in the Rambam if and when
he holds there is a Mitzvah of ישוב א"י
4) The רא"ש quotes
a שיטה that during זמן הבית there
was מצוות עשה דאורייתא but today there is no Mitzvah.
5) תוספות quotes רבינו חיים who
holds that even
בזמן הזה there is a Mitzvah of ישוב א"י. However,
we don't
practice this Mitzvah because there are many
מצוות התלויות בארץ which are difficult for us to observe.
6) The בית
הלוי explains Tosfos that the ר"ח holds
the sole reason for the Mitzvah of ישוב א"י is to
be
Mekayam מצוות התלויות בארץ and since we can't do it
there is no reason to practice the Mitzvah of ישוב א"י.
7) The חתם סופר holds that the Mitzvah is applicable
בזמן הזה but only if you have a majority of Yidden living
in ארץ ישראל.
8) The אגרות משה holds that בזמן הזה the Mitzvah is
a מצוה קיומית and not a מצוה חיובית. One is not
obligated to live in א"י but those who do live there
are מקיים מצות ישוב א"י.
9) Rav Yitzchak Zilberstein and many more Poskim
hold that even בזמן הזה the Mitzvah is a מצוה חיובית.
Everyone who can is obligated to be מקיים מצות ישוב א"י.
10) The ויואל
משה* holds that מצוות ישוב א"י
is only applicable for
those who are יראי שמים and doing it 100% לשם שמים.
(מאמר ישוב א"י
קכ"ב*)
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