Tisha B'av Compendium

משנכנס אב ממעטין בשמחה According to the Chasam Sofer,(O.Ch. 160) the Halacha of משנכנס אב ממעטין בשמחה refers to only one single Halacha, "Not to build a בנין של שמחה in the nine days".(starting ר"ח) All the other restrictions (Even according to the רמ"א) Halachically doesn't start on ר"ח אב but starts at the beginning of the week of Tisha B'av. שבוע שחל בו. אשכנזים start the restrictions from ראש חדש because the רמ"א says that this is our Minhag ואנו נוהגין להחמיר. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- According to Mori V'Rabi  Hara v Hagaon R.S Miller Shlita*,  Even women who don't usually Daven  Ma'ariv should make  an exception when Tisha B'av falls on Motzei Shabbos and  Daven Ma'ariv.  She, too, should have at least  Havdala B'Tefillah when  there is no Havdala B'kos. (on  Motzei Shabbos)      Supposedly the same Psak from Harav S.Z. Auerbach zt"l same Psak  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------                      Weird Tisha B'av Minhag   The ברכי יוסף [Chida] (O. Ch. 559 : 4) writes:   "There were places where the Minhag on Tisha B'av was, to get a person to bend over. They covered him with a sheet, placed the Sefer Torah on his back and called up the3 Aliyos."(Krias Hatorah)   There were Gedolim who tried to abolish this Minhag because, a) It seems very weird b) He might pass wind.   The Chida disagrees and claims, this Minhag has roots and cannot be abolished.   The Shu"t Dvar Shmuel (249) defends this Minhag even though he doesn't know the source and also it seems very strange.      Possible Mokor:   In מס' סופרים י"ח: ז it says, the Minhag on Tisha B'Av is, to wrap the Sefer Torah  In a black cloth, place it ( Sefer Torah) ** on the floor, and say נפלה עטרת ראשנו. Afterwards, you do Kerias HaTorah.   The אבודרהם writes, on Tisha B'Av, you don't place the Sefer Torah (for Krias HaTorah) in its usual place. (Bimah)   This might be the reason for the Minhag. They didn't want to put the Sefer Torah on the Bimah or on the floor. Shuls had no tables, so the only place to put down the Sefer Torah for Leining was on the back of a person. אמבצי   *"There is no Minhag that looks (weirder) funnier than this".('תשובה מאהבה או"ח צ) **The Tur & Abudraham's girsa is Tik Shel S.T.(the Mantel was placed on the floor)  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                            מזל טוב Saying "מזל טוב" to the בעלי שמחה  on T.B'av is not considered שאילת שלום and is permitted (שו"ת שלמת חיים R.YCh. Zonenfeld zt"l)           Hello, goodbye, Good morning. Good Evening, Sefer לקט יושר (Talmid of תרומת הדשן) quotes from the תרומת הדשן  "The איסור* of שאילת שלום  is only when the  word שלום is used. Saying Good Evening etc.  is allowed**." * Aveilus & Tisha B'av ** The T.H.  wouldn't  personally rely on his  own היתר. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In תלמוד בבלי, we find at least 14* causes                    of the destruction of ירושלים  לא חרבה ירושלים אלא בשביל 1) שחללו את השבת  2) שבטלו קריאת שמע 3) שביטלו בה תינוקות של בית רבן 4) שלא היה להם בושת פנים 5) שהושוו זקן וגדול 6) שלא הוכיחו זה את זה 7) שביזו בה תלמידי חכמים 8) שפסקו ממנה אנשי אמנה שבת קי"ט ע"ב 9) עבודה זרה 10) שנאת חנם יומא ט ע"ב 11)  קמצא בר קמצא 12) ענוותנותו של ר' זכריה בן אבקולס גיטין נה-נו 13) שהעמידו דיניהם על דין תורה 14) לא עבדו לפנים משורת הדין בבא מציעא ל ע"ב * possibly more --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Is there a חיוב to learn on תשעה באב? The ספר שבט יהודה יור"ד ס' שפ"ד ס"ד* has a חקירה " When Chazal said one may learn דברים רעים does it mean that there is a חיוב of תלמוד תורה but limited to only דברים רעים  or do we say that an אבל or on ת"ב, there is no חיוב תלמיד תורה but Chazal came up with a היתר of learning דברים רעים if one wants to learn, but there is no obligation to do s.o" The שבט יהודה concludes that there is no חיוב of תלמוד תורה, and one is not obligated to learn at all. רבי יהודה בר יצחק עייאש (ה'תמ"ח, 1688 - התק"כ, 1760)* מגדולי הרבנים והפוסקים באלג'יריה. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- THE FOUR QUESTIONS FOR ט' באב WHOSE IS AT FAULT? The Bais Hamikdash was destroyed because of Kamtza and Bar Kamtza. (Gittin 55b) 1) Why was קמצא at fault? (He didn't do anything) 2) Why wasn't the בעל הסעודה at fault? Shouldn't he be the number one culprit? 3) Why were the רבנן who kept quiet at the meal, not at fault? 4) The Gemoro on 56a said it was ר' זכרי' בן אבקולס fault. The simple answer: When the גמרא says because of קמצא & בר קמצא the גמרא is not specifically faulting them. All the גמרא is saying is that because of the story of קמצא & בר קמצא the חרבן came about. So who was really at fault? We can point fingers at all those involved in the story. 1) בר קמצא - Informing against the Yidden 2) קמצא - Accordind to the בן איש חי,  קמצא & ר' זכריה בן אבקולס are the same person. 3) בעל הסעודה - Not allowing בר קמצא to stay on. 4) רבנן - Didn't interfere. 5) ר' זכריה בן אבקולס - Insisted on not accepting the קרבן The moral of the story is to keep your distance, far away  from מחלוקת even when you are not part of it. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------                               The weirdest Minhag*     The ברכי יוסף (חיד"א) (O. Ch. 559 : 4) writes.   There were places where the Minhag on Tisha B'av was to get a person to bend over.   They covered him with a sheet, placed the Sefer Torah on his back and called up the (עליות (קריאת התורה   There were Gedolim who tried to abolish this Minhag because,   a) It seems very weird  b) He might pass wind.   The חיד"א disagrees with them and claims, this Minhag has roots, and cannot be abolished.   The שו"ת דבר שמואל l(249) defends this Minhag even though he doesn't know the source, and it seems very strange.    Possible Mokor (Source):   In מסכת סופרים  (18:7) it says, the Minhag on Tisha B'Av is to wrap the Sefer Torah  In a black cloth, place it (Sefer Torah) ** on the floor, and say נפלה עטרת ראשינו  Afterward, you do קריאת התורה.   The אבודרהם writes that on Tisha B'Av, you don't place the Sefer Torah in its usual place. (בימה)   Perhaps, the reason for the Minhag to place the Sefer Torah on the back of a person bending down. They didn't want to put the Sefer Torah on the בימה or on the floor. (Shuls had no tables) אמבצי   *"There is no Minhag that looks (weirder) funnier than this". (Teshuva Meiahava O.Ch. 90)   **The Tur & Abudraham's girsa is Tik Shel S.T. (the Mantel ) _______________________________________________ The only day in the year when talking to  an עכו"ם is forbidden is on Tisha B'av   during the קינות) (Shulchan Aruch O.Ch. 559:5) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- According to the Rambam, there are two Tisha B'Av Halachos that are applicable exclusively & only for Talmidei Chachomim. (not learning Torah on T.B. applies to everyone.) 1 ) The Rambam Hl. Taniyos (Prk. 5 Hl. 9) writes, On Erev Tisha B'av, the Chasidim Harishonim would eat only dry bread with salt, soaked in water. (no cooked dishes) And it would be proper for Chachamim to do so. The Rambam continued in his lifetime; he never ate cooked food, even lentils, on Erev Tisha B'av, unless it fell on Shabbos. 2) Hl. 11 The Rambam writes Talmidei Chachamim don't  give Sholom to each other, on Tisha B'av.