Audio: Rav Ephraim Wachsman Song for Shavuos תש''פ

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The 14 commandments in the 10 commandments

My first word is in Egyptian and not in לשון קדש yet I have fourteen commandments for you to observe. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------   There are 14 commandments in the 10 commandments.   3- מצוות עשה Mitzvos Asei                                                                                                                                                                                  1)  אנכי ה' אלהיך                                                                                                                                                                                   2) זכור/שמור את יום השבת                                                                                                                                                                                 3) כבד את אביך 11- מצוות לא תעשה Mitzvos Lo Sa'asei  1) לא יהיה לך 2 לא תעשה לך 3) לא תשתחווה להם 4) ולא תעבדם 5) לא תשא את שם 6)לא תעשה כל מלאכה 7) לא תרצח 8) לא תנאף 9)לא תגנב 10) לא תענה ברעך 11) לא תחמד בית TOTAL 14 Mitzvos (14 commandments) The  מדרש תנחומא פ' יתרו* says אָמַר רַ' נְחֶמְיָה: מַהוּ אָנֹכִי? לָשׁוֹן מִצְרִי הוּא "I" in לשון קדש, is אני and in לָשׁוֹן מִצְרִי it is אָנֹכִי Hence the first word of the 14 commandments  was in Egyptian and not לשון קדש Now you will understand The קליר for the first day Shavuos *Also in פסיקתא רבתי & ילקוט שמעוני

Riddle For Shavous

                                    RIDDLE


My first word is in Egyptian and not in לשון קדש yet I have fourteen   commandments for you to observe.?

OFF THE DERECH & PROPER PRONUNCIATION

OFF THE DERECH

Did you know? (131)

One may not cook on Yom Tov for a נכרי or a מחלל שבת.
For this reason, one may not invite a נכרי on Yom Tov
 שמא ירבה בשבילו He might add more food in the pot for
the נכרי.

According to Mori V'rabi Harav Hagaon R. Shlomo Miller Shlita,
inviting a family member or someone who ח"ו went off
the Derech and is a  מחלל שבת  (cannot be considered
תינוק שנשבה) for Yom Tov meals, is problematic.

Boiling water for a coffee/tea etc. on Yom Tov (specifically
for them) is definitely אסור.

                PROPER PRONUNCIATION 
                               חג השבועות

Did you know? (218)*

The Yom Tov is called Shovuos. A קמץ under
the שין and not Shevuos a שוא under the שין.

Shovuos = Weeks - name of the Yom Tov
Shevuos = Oaths

שמעתי מפי מורי ורבי הרה"ג ר' שלמה מילר שליט"א* 

Confusing

DAF HASHAVUA (Shabbos 81b) part # 2 Rashi quotes from the תשובת הגאונים. "On Erev Rosh Hashana they swung the new bean plant 7 times around the head of the child and said זה חליפתי etc. Afterward the plant gets thrown into the river". The מגן אברהם (O. Ch 605) writes that this Rashi  (תשובת הגאונים) is the original מקור (source) for כפרות as we know it today. The original Minhag of כפרות was solely for the protection of the children that they shouldn't die.  HOW DOES כפרות PROTECT FROM DEATH? We find in the גמרא the concept of confusing the Satan (כדי לערבב השטן) We also find a similar case of שינוי השם changing the name of a חולה. (sick person) The original Minhag of כפרות was also the same idea. It was done for the protection of the children that if there was ח"ו a גזירה for the זרע (child)  to die we confuse the שטן with a different זרע (seed) the bean plant which gets thrown in the river. At a later stage when the Minhag כפרות started for adults, they wouldn't use the flower pot with bean זרע. They used instead a גבר (chicken) to confuse the שטן so not the גבר the man will die but the גבר the chicken. The יעב"ץ writes, he doesn't understand why the use of female chickens for females. Hens (female chickens) are not called גברת. אמבצי

כפרות

DAF HASHAVUA (Shabbos 81b) part # 1 Rashi quotes from the Teshuvas Hagaonim.  “Twenty-two days or fifteen days before Rosh Hashana a bean was planted for every child in the house in a   flower pot.  On Erev Rosh Hashana they swung the new plant over the head of the child and said זה חליפתי etc. Afterward the plant gets thrown into the river". The Magen Avraham (O. Ch 605) writes that this Rashi  (Teshuvas Hageonim) is the original מקור (source) for כפרות as we know it today. The question arises why do we do כפרות  for Children and even for the unborn?  Children before reaching the age of Chinuch have absolutely no obligation to do Mitzvos. The unborn definitely have no obligation to perform Mitzvohs in the mother's womb. A pregnant woman is not required to drink an additional 4 cups at the Seder for the fetus in her. So why is כפרות different? Perhaps we can answer. We do Mitzvos and Minhagim, because The Torah or Chazal commanded us to do so. Some Mitzvos come along with their Segula, (למען יאריכון ימיך) but the primary reason for doing it is not for the Segula but because the Torah commanded us to do so. The Minhag of כפרות is different, the sole purpose to do it is for the Segula to save the children from dying. We also want and need protection for the unborn as well. Therefore we do כפרות for children and the unborn. The original Minhag of כפרות was solely for the protection of the children. Eventually, adults also adopted the Minhag אמבצי

marrying first

PARSHAS HASHAVUA (וימת נדב ואביהוא (במדבר ג:ד Some Poskim say that the rule of a younger sibling not marrying before an older one applies only to females. Males who have the Mitzvah of פרו ורבו there is no reason for holding back the Mitzvah because of an older brother is not married yet. ( אג"מ-מהרש"ם) Some want to prove this from נדב ואביהוא. Chazal tell us one of the reasons they were both punished was for staying single and not getting married. If אביהוא would have had to wait for his older brother נדב to get married then why was he punished. This is not really a proof because if the older brother refuses to get married then all agree there is no reason for the younger one to wait Once נדב refused to get married then אביהוא was obligated to get married and yet he didn't, therefore, he too was punished. The ש"ך (Y.D. 244:13) quotes the ב"ח " Both, brothers or sisters should not marry the younger one before the older one". R.Moishe Feinstein zt"l (Igros M. E.H.2:1) says that the ב"ח is only applicable if both are engaged only then must we marry off the older before the younger. A younger sibling (even sister) may get engaged before the older sibling and get married if the older is not engaged yet. The   (מהרש"ם (ח"ג קל"ו  says that this Halacha is not a דין גמור but a Minhag Derech Eretz. Therefore in certain cases ("בעושה משום דחק") it is permitted.

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The German Antisemites

The שו"ת דברי מנחם  (R. Mendel Steinhart z"l ) writes, "Germany is a civilized country and friendly towards the Yidden, therefore there is no reason to say (Mondays & Thursdays) "כי היינו לעג וקלס בגויים" and should be removed from the Siddur since it is not true and this might even create antisemitism". A few years later they also removed the תפילה of אב הרחמים from the 1831 edition, of the Heidenheim Siddur.  In its place, they printed  in German " The tefillah was made for the times of the Barbarians  therefore we removed it." The next edition of the Siddur, Heidenheim put it back in. It is very likely they did so  because the Reform Siddur was published at that time and they too removed the אב הרחמים.

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MASKS FOR SHAVUOS

MASKS FOR SHAVUOS The דבר שמואל (R. S. Abuhab) # 247 has a Teshuva re the face masks which were worn on Shavuos for Simcha.  The issue was if it is considered forming a human face which is אסור.

The Black Sabbath

The Black Sabbath Shu"t Chasam Sofer (O.Ch. 159) writes, "There is great mourning, especially in the lands of Ashkenaz. They are מחמיר on the Shabbos before שבועות like we are מחמיר the Shabbos before תשעה באב." In Ashkenaz Kehillos,  the Shabbos before שבועות was called "Der Schwartze Shabbos" They said Yizkor for the murdered Yidden going back to גזירת תתנ"ו and for all the killings of since then. The אב הרחמים was originally  said only once a year on the Schwartze Shabbos. Eventually, they added Shabbos Chazon for אב הרחמים to be said. Hence, Minhag Ashkenaz was to say אב הרחמים only twice a year.

Where's the cheesecake?

What to bake for שבועות (a) Seven-layer cake (b) 3 cornered kreplach- Haman Taschen (c) Saffron Matzah (d) Saffron cake (e) 4 cornered Challah (f)  Honey cake I haven't found yet a source for baking cheesecake for שבועות The Sefer יוסף אומץ ס' תתנ"ד writes the Minhag was to make a cake/kugel in the shape of a (a) seven-rung ladder. The reason for it is because, during  Matan Torah, Hashem tore open all 7 heavens to show that אין עוד מלבדו.  The Minhag in many German Kehilos was to bake for שבועות  a seven-layer cake for the seven weeks we counted. The Sefer מנהגי ישורון writes of the Minhag to eat (b) 3 cornered Kreplach (Haman Taschen) to commemmerate Matan Torah דיהיב אוריאן תליתאי לעם תליתאי ע"י תליתאי ביום תליתאי בירחא תליתאי The כל בו writes that "the מנהג בכל ישראל* is to eat on שבועות, (c) Matzah with Saffron".The Chok Yaakov O. Ch.494 has a (d) girsa “עוגה” (cake) instead of Matzah. The כל בו gives the reason " because it is משמח את הלב (brings joy to the heart)." The כל בו also writes to bake a (e) Challah with four corners (looks like two)  to remind us of the שתי הלחם and/or it symbolizes "twins" (מזל סיון תאומים)  The רוקח writes that on Shavuos morning you bring the children for the first time in Shul and serve them a specially inscribed (f) honey cake.

DAF HASHAVUA - Special Mitzvah

DAF HASHAVUA Shabbos 73a                      'אבות מלאכות מ' חסר א The לומדי דף יומי will have the זכות of a special Mitzvah for the next while. The (ספר חסידים (קנד writes there is a  Mitzvah to learn the 39 מלאכות of Shabbos.

Whoever Is Willing

·         מנהגי קריאת תוכחה

 

There is a Minhag*, not to stand facing the בעל קריאה (in front of the בימה) when he Leins (reads)  the תוכחה. *Another Minhag is that the עולה before the תוכחה leaves the בימה immediately after his Aliya and doesn't wait for the end of the next Aliya to do so. In some Shuls during the year when the Gabai wants to give an Aliyah to the בעל קריאה he doesn't call him up by saying יעמוד פלוני ב"פ since he is already standing there. All he does is point at him to take the next Aliya. Hence this is how the Minhag started for the בעל קריאה to get the תוכחה since there is no need to call him up. **The original Minhag was to put it in the contract  that the שמש needs to take the Aliya of the תוכחה. The רמ"א writes to call up יעמוד מי שירצה (no name) Whoever is willing to take this Aliya. There was a minhag*** to make a special מי שברך for the עולה. It said all the קללות should turn into ברכות for the עולה. The מקור חיים writes that the מי שירצה is a חיוב to be עולה on the first day Rosh Hashana and on the first day Shavuos. ie:  The מי שירצה is being compensated by getting an Aliya on the first Yom Tov after the תוכחה  *אגרא דפרקא,דרכי תשובה,מנחת אלעזר     ** מהרי"ל *** Minhag Pressburg

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Milking A Cow On Shabbos

DAF HASHAVUA SHABBOS 73 אבות מלאכות ארבעים חסר אחת Milking a cow on Shabbos, - Why not? The 6 reasons. Probably no other מלאכה, do we have a six-way מחלוקה to which אב מלאכה it belongs to. מפרק-דש               Rashi Shabbos 95a קוצר                      Yerushalmi Shabbos 7 :Hl 2 ממחק                    Tosfos Shabbos 73b בורר                      Rashbo Shabbos 144b טוחן                      Yeraim # 274 גוזז                       Tosfos Rosh Shabbos 95a

fire worshipers

DAF HASHAVUA Shabbos 67a כולהו אית בהו משום דרכי אמורי                           FIRE WORSHIPERS  The תוספתא (Shabbos 7:1) says clapping hands or dancing in front of a fire is אסור because of דרכי אמורי. Harav Hagaon R.S.Wosner zt"l (Shevet Halevi 7: 136) was asked if dancing in camp around a bonfire is permissible or there is an איסור of דרכי אמורי. One of the reasons to consider why it might be מותר is because perhaps the תוספתא is referring only when the dancing is done for the honor of the fire. (eg: A holy fire lit by a Rebbe who said לשם יחוד  & seven times ויהי נועם etc.) Then it has traces & elements of עבודה זרה. Whereas in camp it's just done for warmth, light,& fun. Perhaps there it is not considered מנהג עבודה זרה. Rav Wosner answered that even in a camp bonfire there is reason to be מחמיר and refrain from dancing around all fires so as not imitate עבודה זרה festivals. Those who have such a מסורה from their Zaidas and Elter Zaidas to dance in front of a fire is אסור להרהר אחריהם. We must assume they found a היתר why there is no דרכי אמורי - מנהג עבודה זרה and it doesn't even look like a חינגא של עכו"ם. (Festival) However, those Yidden whose family originate from Chutz Laaretz especially from Europe since they have no מסורה of  dancing in front of a fire, for them it might be commendable  to ask from their Rav if one may do so and if yes, then what's the היתר.